What to put in a hole when planting broccoli? At what distance to plant broccoli from each other: landing scheme

Quite often, broccoli cabbage occurs in the areas. This culture is rich in vitamins, and contains a small number of calories, so this is a great option for people who follow the figure and love to cook delicious dietary dishes.

It is important to know how to plant broccoli correctly so that it gives a good harvest. More information about the features of landing will be described in this article.

What to put in a hole when planting broccoli?

• Most gardeners believe that it is best to add broccoli to planting holes eggshell. It must first be chopped to the state of the powder, and then pour into the hole. The egg shell contains calciumnecessary for the soil and plants. She also protects the culture from a bear who loves to eat cabbage.
• After you can add 10 g of nitroammofoski. This substance is best mixed with the soil. Often added to the hole for broccoli a solution of mullein (300 g per 10 l of water). To make the soil more nutritious, you can make urea (not more than 1 tsp).
• You can replace it with bird droppings, from which a solution is prepared (1 kg of a litter per 20 liters of water). Pour 250 ml of solution into each hole.

How to plant broccoli seeds?

• S the seeds of broccoli need in March. When choosing a variety, focus on the climate of your region. For northern regions Countries are only suitable early and medium -early broccoli varieties. In the southern and central regions, late varieties of cabbage can be planted.
• Buy seeds in specialized stores. Look carefully at the expiration date, and choose the latest. So the probability of good seedlings increases significantly.

Preparation of seeds

• If you purchased seeds, do not rush to plant them. First, they should be sorted, removing small ones. Large seeds must be placed in warm water, and withstand 15 minutes. After lower them into cold water to “wake up” them.

• Soak the seed in the growth stimulant "Heteroauksin". This is to accelerate the appearance of the first seedlings. To soak the seeds at least 7 hours. Then rinse them in cool running water, and place in the refrigerator for 24 hours. After time, dry on a dry cloth.

Features of sowing

• To plant broccoli seeds, prepare containers, with a height of the sides of 25 cm. At the bottom, install drainage using pebbles, expanded clay and other similar materials. The thickness of the drainage should be at least 1 cm.
• Sprinkle it with nutrient soil by mixing river sand, ordinary soil, ash of trees and humus In equal proportions. Pour the soil with warm water using a spray gun, and make furrows. The optimal depth is 1 cm, and the distance between them is 3 cm. Place the seeds in the furrows, and sprinkle with the soil.
• Control the temperature in the room. It should be within from +18 ° C to +20 ° C. When the first shoots appear, reduce it to +10 ° C. This temperature should last a week, after which it must be controlled, depending on the time of the day.
• During the day it should be about +16 ° C, and at night - +10 ° C. The optimal level of humidity in the room - 80%.

How to prepare the soil for planting broccoli?

• For growing broccoli cabbage, a solar area is suitable. If you plant broccoli in the shade, plants will develop for a long time. Give preference to neutral soil with the level pH from 6.5 to 7.5.
• If sour soil predominates in your region, you can correct the situation. It is enough to make alkaline bulk substances available on the farm - chalk, slaughter lime or wood ash. However, soil neutralization should be carried out 1 year earlier than you will plant broccoli.
• Preparation of beds is carried out in the fallTo nourish and balance the soil. To begin with, the site is dug up on 1 bayonet shovel. On 1m ² 10 kg of compost, 10 kg of rotted manure and 1 liter of wood ash are added.
• Some farmers add superphosphate (20 g) or potassium nitrate (30 g). Do not plant broccoli in areas where radishes, cabbage, dike and radish used to grow.

Broccoli planting for seedlings: picking out seedlings

• 2 weeks after planting seeds, you can begin to the picking of seedlings. They are suitable for this peat overhead pots. In each of them, place one plant, along with an earthen lump. The transplant should be carried out in the same nutritious soil as the seeds.
• In order not to damage seedlings, taking it out of the general container, use a small stick. After transplanting in pots, seal a little soil, and pour it with warm water from the bottle where there is a sprayer.
• When the seedlings of broccoli become stronger, close it from the direct rays of the sun. In this case, the temperature in the room should be about +20 ° C. After a few days, feed seedlings with a solution nitroammofoski. Mix 1 tbsp. l. Fertilizers with 10 liters of water. Pour 50-70 ml of the prepared solution into each container.

• 10-14 days before the alleged transplant to permanent place, harden seedlings. To do this, take the pots into the garden or on the balcony, leaving them there for several hours. Every 2-3 days, increase the interval of their stay in the fresh air so that the seedlings are used to temperature changes. In the past few days, leave broccoli seedlings in the fresh air for several days.

How to plant broccoli in open ground?

• You can transplant seedlings into open ground when it reaches age 45 days. Every seedling should be 2-3 pairs of leaves.

The optimal time for planting broccoli in open ground is the middle or end of May.

• The transplant should be carried out in areas that are covered by the sun, and are located on the north side of the garden. It is better if high shrubs are growing nearby, which will protect broccoli from drafts.

Good predecessors of cabbage are carrots, cereals and legumes. It is not recommended to plant broccoli in areas where tomatoes, radishes, turnips and beets used to grow. After these crops, you can plant broccoli only after 4 years.

• Broccoli needs to be planted in the soil, with neutral or low acidity. The best option is 6.5-7.5 pH. In the fall, take care of the preparation of the site. First digging it, removing the roots of weeds, and add compost or humus. 3 kg per 1m is enough ². If you have soils with a high content of acids, add 200 g of lime for every 1m ².
• It is recommended to plant broccoli seedlings in open ground in cloudy weather. If this is not observed, do it early in the morning. The landing scheme is standard. Between the bushes you need to observe a distance of 50 cm, and between the rows - 35 cm. A few days before planting, dig the holes, and add nutrients to the bottom. After pouring them 500 ml of warm water.

• Place in the hole peat pot, pre -exposing the roots of the plant. Sprinkle them with soil, and compact a little. After pour the plants 300 ml of water.
• Follow weather conditions. If it is likely to return frosts, cover the beds glass jars or plastic bottles. The bottles must be cut in half. If a temperature below +2-3 ° C will stay outside, the culture may die. And the shelters will help her resist frosts.

Broccoli: Open Open

After planting broccoli you need to cover spruceto protect against direct sunlight. In the early stages, they can destroy plants. After 10-14 days, the shelter can be removed.

Further care is as follows:

• Abundant watering. There is so much water so that the soil is moistened to a depth of 12-15 cm. Watering is carried out 1 time every 7 days. If your region is dry summer, the interval is reduced, and the bushes are watered every day. In order not to provoke dry green mass, water the beds in the evening or in the early morning.
• Top dressing. Broccoli needs organic top dressing. You can use mullein and chicken droppings. After 14 days, root feeding with mineral fertilizer solutions is carried out. In 10 liters of water is bred 30 g of superphosphate, 25 g of ammonium nitrate and 10 g of potassium sulfate. After you need to stop making nutrients. Feeding should be resumed after cutting the main inflorescence. At this time, you need to reduce the amount of phosphorus and nitrogen. The solution is prepared based on 20 g of superphosphate, 10 g of nitrate and 30 g of potassium sulfate.
• Riles. It is important to remove weeds so that they do not slow down the development of culture.
• Hilling. The first time the procedure is carried out 3 weeks after planting. Repeated hilling is required 10 days after the first.
• Loosening the soil. This stage of departure prevents the development of the crust on the surface of the earth. It is recommended to loot the upper layer 1-1.5 days after watering and fertilizer. Lubrication is carried out to a depth of 5-8 cm so as not to damage the root system.

Broccoli disease

• Broccoli is often affected by diseases and pests. On the bushes you can often notice the signs of aphids. The leaves begin to twist and turn yellow. Broccoli is also amazed cabbage flywhich eats stems and root system.
• Crucifixion, slugs and snails - These are parasites that eat the plant, reducing the crop.

• To fight diseases and pests, insecticides must be in your arsenal of the gardener. You can use copper sulfate or burgundy liquid. To protect broccoli from diseases and pests, you can plant nearby tomatoes, pepper, onions, garlic and eggplant. Such crops will disinfect the soil.

Problems associated with growing broccoli, and their solution

Broccoli yield is quite significant. With 1 ha can collect about 10 tons of products. If the climate is favorable, and you observe all storage rules, then yield indicators can reach 30 tons per 1 ha.

During the cultivation of cabbage, certain difficulties may occur. Therefore, you need to know how to solve them:

• If on the upper part of the foliage formed yellow dots, and on the lower growths moss, then, the bushes are affected by a fungal infection. To cope with the disease, treatment with fungicides should be carried out. The preparation of the solution and the duration of spraying depend on the course of the disease. You can check all the information in the instructions for the drugs.
• If the inflorescences have formed yellow flowersor inflorescences grew small, which means that the plant was subjected to high temperatures, which is why the seeds formed. Broccoli flowering is observed when the air temperature is more than +26 ° C. This can be avoided if you cut off the inflorescences before the formation of the flowers, regardless of size.
• If the inflorescences have changed their color and covered a layer of mucus, the fault of this is high temperatures during the formation of plants. Most often, hybrid varieties suffer from this. If you land the culture at the right time, and care for it correctly, problems will be avoided.
• If in the stem of broccoli formed the hole where the water accumulates, the reason lies in the lack of boron. If you do not fix the problem, the plants will rot after the cut of inflorescences. The solution to the problem is to add boron to the ground.
• If the second side inflorescences are much smaller than the first, then the culture lacks nutrients. Follow all the care rules, especially top dressing, and you do not have to face difficulties when growing broccoli.

As you can see, there is nothing complicated in planting broccoli and its cultivation. It is enough to choose high -quality seeds, and bring nutrients to the hole before planting. Follow all of the above recommendations to grow delicious and juicy fruits.

Topics for gardeners - what they put in a hole when landing:

• Potatoes
• Tomatoes
• Carrots
• Cucumbers
• Why are poultry feather put in a hole when planting plants?

Video: planting broccoli in open ground