What to put in a hole before planting cabbage seedlings in open ground? At what distance to plant cabbage on a head of cabbage from each other: landing scheme

It is difficult to imagine a garden area on which cabbage would not be grown. This agricultural culture is used in the preparation of many dishes, and is considered very useful.

Contents

If you want to grow healthy and large cabbage, you will have to add nutrients to the hole during planting. Read more about the features of cabbage planting will be described in this article.

Cabbage varieties

Thanks to the work of breeders, many different varieties of cabbage for seedlings and cultivation were deduced. Famous types of culture include:

White white. Refers to the Cross -Bulge family. Kochan is a plant kidney that grows strongly. If you do not cut it, then a panicle with yellow flowers will form. Of these, the material will ripen after them.
Red -handed. Outwardly resembles white cabbage. It differs only with a shade of a head of a head-it is characterized by a red-violet color.
Color. It consists of many small heads collected in a single inflorescence. Ideal not only for side dishes, but also for baby food.
Brussels and broccoli. These types of cabbage are characterized by small fruits. Often used as additions to soups and a side dish.
Kohlrabi. It has an unusual appearance. For eating, only the upper part of the culture is suitable, presented in the form of a thickened stalk. The color of cabbage is different-light green or dark purple. The inside of the cabbage is white.
Beijing.Bright taste, thanks to which it is often used in salads.
Savoy. This species is considered one of the most useful, because there are a large number of vitamins and minerals (almost 2 times more compared to white cabbage).
Decorative. Cabbage is used to decorate flower beds.

Preparation for planting cabbage seedlings

It is recommended to start preparing the soil for planting cabbage seedlings immediately after the autumn harvesting. If last year the culture was sick with a keel, it is better to transplant it to another place so as not to infect new landings.
The site where the sore cabbage grew is required disinfect by using bordeaux liquid or copper sulfate. If you do not have such substances, you can use ordinary lime.
Cook disinfecting solutions according to the instructions prescribed on the package. After watering the soil, dig the site with the mixture with the mixture. Choose areas for planting cabbage where potatoes, cucumbers or tomatoes used to grow. They disinfect the soil.
If you did not manage to prepare a plot from the fall, you can do it in the spring. To do this, dig it and make fertilizers. It can be humus or chicken droppings. When the snow comes down, remove the weeds that appear on the surface of the soil. If nettles grew, you can not remove it. It will be good fertilizer.

Growing cabbage seedlings

Most people prefer to buy ready -made seedlings in the market. This saves a lot of time. However, there is never confidence that you are buying a healthy planting material. To make sure that seedlings are not infected with diseases, it is better to grow it yourself.
First of all, select high -quality seeds. Buy them in stores specializing in the sale of agricultural seeds. Inspect the packaging and study the shelf life and manufacturer. If you want to grow early cabbage, choose such varieties - Moscow, four seasons, Belarusian, turquoise or hope.
After buying the sowing material, it is necessary calibrate. Open the packaging and remove all small seeds. They will be poorly entrusted, which will negatively affect the quality of seedlings.

Choose seeds from reliable manufacturers, because they put the product of the same size in the package to facilitate the garden. Sowing seeds is carried out 60-70 days before planting seedlings in open ground is carried out. Sow them in pots made of peat that fill soil mixturesuitable for growing cabbage seedlings.
Seed preparation is carried out in several stages. First you need to lower them into the water, heated to +50 ° C. Hold them in this position for 20 minutes, then send them to the lower shelf of the refrigerator for 12 hours. The hardening technology will strengthen the immune system of the plant.

Sowing technology:

In each pot filled with soil mixture, place 1-2 seeds, deepening them by 1 cm.
When the first pair of leaves appear, remove the weak plant, and transfer the stronger to the pot.

Every day daylight hours for cabbage seedlings should be 12 hours. If the weather does not allow this, install additional lighting lamps in the room. In the room where seedlings are stored, there should be a temperature of no more than +18 ° C. When there is sunny weather outside, take the plants out into the street, leaving for several hours. Thanks to such actions, you can grow strong seedlings.

Fertening of cabbage seedlings

Even if you have purchased high -quality soil mixture, nourished with useful substances, do not forget to feed the seedlings of cabbage. For this, potassium nitrate, which can be bought in a store for gardeners and gardeners, is suitable.
Dilute 2 g of substances in 1 liter of water, and pour the seedlings with the prepared solution. Feed seedlings once every 2 weeks, because cabbage quickly consumes nutrients.

Place and soil for planting cabbage seedlings in open ground

If you plan to plant cabbage seedlings in the ground, select the correct seat.

Adhere to such recommendations:

Plant cabbage after legumes, onion and grain crops.
Choose open areas that are well illuminated by sunlight.
Plant the culture in well -ventilated areas protected from drafts.

The cabbage feels good after planting in chernozems, sod-podzolic or gray forest soil. The acidity of the soil should not exceed the indicator in 7.5ph. To nourish the soil, add humus (1.5 buckets per 1 m ²). When you dig a site, add 60 g of superphosphate and 30 g of potassium nitrate.

Planting cabbage in open ground with seedlings: Scheme

Cabbage should be started to plant cabbage seedlings when seedlings reach 50 days. If you plant broccoli, Brussels or Savoy cabbage, you can choose seedlings for 30-40 days.

Planting technology:

Dig a hole 7-10 cm deep.
Place the seedlings inside to the lower pair of leaves. Save a distance of 3-5 cm.
Sprinkle with the soil.
Calm, ram, pour.

Cabbage planting for seedlings from seeds

Some gardeners prefer to plant cabbage on seedlings with seeds. This method is quite cheap, but not always reliable.

Sowing technology:

Place the seed in a solution of manganese (1 tsp per 2 liters of water). Hold 30 minutes.
Soak the seeds in a solution of growth stimulant "Cornevin" or "Epin" for half an hour.
Make small holes, up to 2 cm deep. Pour them with a small amount of water.
Set the seeds in the ground. The distance between them should be 60-70 cm.
Cover the beds with a film so that the temperature of +20 ° C is preserved.

When 3 sheets are formed on the seedlings, a poor seedlings should be done. The second time the procedure is recommended when 3 pairs of leaves appear.

The deadlines for planting cabbage seedlings

If you only study the issue of planting cabbage seedlings, then first of all decide on the terms. It all depends on the variety that you are going to grow:

Early cabbage is planted in the second half of May.
Mid -season - from beginning to end of June (Consider the climatic features of your region).
Late varieties - in early July.

What to put in a hole before planting cabbage seedlings in open ground?

In the process of planting, it is customary to add the following substances to the hole:

organics (humus, bird droppings, compost);
mineral fertilizers (superphosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate);
dolomite flour;
lime;
broke of chalk.

It is important to adhere to the norms. To each hole should be added:

manure, compost, potassium fertilizers - 1 tbsp. l.;
phosphate - 0.5 tbsp. l;
told manure and chicken droppings - 1 tbsp. l.

Potassium fertilizers are compost in a large concentration. They fill the soil with useful substances, and improve plant growth. They also strengthen the immune system of culture. Phosphates are necessary for the development of the rhizome and stimulation of the aboveground part of cabbage.

Little acidity of soil

If you plant cabbage in the soil with a high content of acids, the culture will often be affected by the disease of the keel. It affects the roots of the plant. Symptoms of the disease - spherical growths on the root system. If you do not start treatment, culture may die.
To lower the acidity, you can use wood ash (1 tbsp. L. on the hole), dolomite flour or lime (30 g per 1m ²). To enhance the action of dolomite flour, mix it with copper sulfate or boric acid.

How to disinfect the soil before planting cabbage?

A lot of fungi, bacteria and insect larvae accumulate in the soil. So that they do not cause the death of the crop, it is necessary to disinfect. To do this, use such drugs - Zemlin, Force, Pochin. Use the drugs, according to the instructions, so as not to harm cabbage.
In the spring it is recommended to make Fitosporin, Fungizol or a 2%solution of carbathion. Be careful with such drugs, because they need to be added to the holes in minimal quantities. And calculating dosages at home is quite difficult.

Features of planting cabbage seedlings depending on the type

The technique and planting scheme of cabbage seedlings may vary, depending on what type of cabbage you plan to plant.

Main recommendations:

Cauliflower. It is recommended to start landing in April-May. Choose areas with a flat surface. The distance between the rows should be half a meter, and between the bushes - 30 cm.
Red cabbage. The terms and instructions of landing are the same as for the white variety. Between the rows, you need to observe a distance of 55 cm, and between the bushes - 40 cm. If the varieties are planted late or medium -late, the landing scheme should be 55x55 cm.
Savoy cabbage. It is recommended to start landing at the end of April. For medium -late varieties, the optimal period is the end of May. Landing technology is the same as for white varieties.
Brussels sprouts. Landing scheme - 70x60 cm.
Broccoli. To harvest in the summer, proceed to land in early May. If it is planned to collect products in the fall, plant cabbage in early June. Between the bushes there should be a distance of 30 cm, and between the rows - 60 cm.
Chinese cabbage. Planting scheme - 60x60 cm. Add 5 g of granular superphosphate to planting holes.
Chinese cabbage. When planting, you need to adhere to a tape 3-line circuit. Between the ribbons, follow the distance of 50 cm, and between the lines - 25 cm. The seeds need to be deepened by 2 cm. If you plant the Beijing cabbage on the head, observe the scheme of 30x60 cm. You need to add a peat compost and wood ash to each hole. 10 m ² 50 kg of manure will be enough.
Kohlrabi. In the landing pit, you need to squeeze the roots with the earth, and a peat pot. This will restore soil capillaries along which water raises from the lower layers. Landing scheme - 30x50 cm. After planting, cover the ground with a layer of mulch, using straw, dry leaves, sawdust and humus. This will prevent the evaporation of moisture.

As you can see, there are many different substances that are added to the holes when planting cabbage. It all depends on what goals you pursue: disinfection, nutrition or decrease in soil acidity. If you adhere to all the recommendations described in this article, you can grow a good crop.

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