Skin pigmentation: what is it, the causes of appearance, how to get rid of, how to treat?

Read the article about the pigmentation of the skin. It describes the causes of such a pathology, as well as treatment methods.

A homogeneous skin color is extremely rare. Even in babies, pigmented spots inherited from parents (moles, freckles) are observed. Starting from 35 years in men, 40 years old in women, an age -related change in pigmentation in the form of brownish spots (lentigo) is manifested.

There are also other types of disorders of the natural shade of the skin. By their color, localization, form, an experienced dermatologist diagnoses diseases of internal organs and endocrine systems, some other conditions of the body. From this article you will learn what skin pigmentation is, as well as about the reasons for its appearance and methods of treatment. Read further.

Violation of skin pigmentation: what is it, what is the name, photo

Violation of skin pigmentation - the appearance of single or multiple areas that differ from the main color shade of the dermis. The reason is the lack of brown pigment melanin (hypopigmentation) or its excess (hyperpigmentation). Dischrome - deviation from the natural color of the skin. Look at the photo:

Melanocytes - cells synthesizing melanin. The larger the number of pigment balls produces melanocyte, the darker the skin. With the same amount of melanocytes, it is produced:

• Celtic skin type-10-12
• African - up to 600 pigment balls per 1 melanocyte

It is worth knowing: The main function of melanin is the protection of the skin from ultraviolet radiation.

From a medical point of view, impaired pigmentation - the appearance of spots, is often provoked by dysfunction of the internal organs, malfunctions in the endocrine system. With cosmetological - color defect, regardless of the shape and color of the spot. Genetic defects that do not harm health do not consider medicine - this is the sphere of cosmetology.

Types, types of skin pigmentation: how can one explain the discount degree of skin pigmentation?

There are 2 types of pigmentation:

1. Hyperpigmentation
2. Hypopigmentation

Types of hyperpigmentation:

• By the method of occurrence - congenital, acquired
• In vastness - single, focal, diffuse
• By the degree of penetration into the dermm - epidermal, dermal, mixed

How can you explain the different degree of skin pigmentation? Types of purchased pigmentation:

• Lentigo - age -related skin changes. Localization - forearm, head, face, hands are dotted with thin skin.
• Chloe - Basically arise during pregnancy. Extensive light or brown - on the face, stomach, less often - hands.
• Melanosis (melanoderma) - an allergic manifestation, occur on mucous membranes, near the eyes, ears.
• Melasm - As a protective reaction from ultraviolet radiation.
• Post -traumatic - darkening of the skin after mechanical damage.
• Melanoma - A malignant education developing from a birthmark, with an increase in a mole, see a doctor.

Attention: Congenital disorders of the shade of the dermis can occur during intrauterine development of the fetus due to drug treatment of the mother with antibiotics of tetracycline and fluoroquinolone series, drugs with vitamins A, K, iron, and copper.

Therefore, pregnant women should be extremely careful to their health and not take drugs uncontrollably. Only a doctor should appoint them.

Lack of skin pigmentation: what is it called?

The absence of melanin (vitiligo) is a disease, the main symptom of which is white spots with a clearly expressed border. The appearance of white spots is more often observed on the face, on the knees, in the popliteal and axillary cavities. Before occurring, a slight itching is felt.

Provoking factors in the absence of skin pigmentation:

• Lack of oxygen.
• Local increase in acidity.
• The lack of ultraviolet radiation.
• Chronic diseases of internal organs associated with a decrease in hemoglobin.
• The use of skin degreasing products.
• Reception of glucocorticosteroids, cytostatics, chemotherapy sessions with fluorurancyl.
• Physiotherapy, physical exercises, massage, which led to local thinning of skin stretching is fraught with melanoma.
• Chemical or mechanical exposure (the most dangerous - laser, synthetic fabric, systematic peeling).
• Long -term extra -ceremic helminthiasis is the effect of helminth life (slightly grayish tint).
• Excess vitamin E and other antioxidants - free ions of hydrogen and oxygen destroy melanocytes.
• Autoimmune diseases.
• Malfunctions in the work of the sympathetic nervous system.

It is worth knowing: White spots after healing wounds, burns, urticaria - are not vitiligo. Melanocytes destroyed by inflammatory processes are regenerated over time.

Why is the pigmentation of human skin on the face, arms, legs, abdomen, other parts of the body: causes of changes, liver

The causes of any disease in a person can be different. The same applies to the pigmentation of the skin. Why does it appear in a person on the face, arms, legs, stomach, other parts of the body? What are the causes of changes?

The most dangerous pigmentation disorders are saturated yellow and gray.

• Gray - High load on the liver during the splitting of sorrel aldehyde to acetic acid. This can be a supplied syndrome or decompensator stage of cirrhosis due to alcoholism.
• Yellow - hepatitis A, fatty hepatosis, casting of bile into the esophagus (gastroesophageal reflux disease).

The mechanism of action:

• Increasing acidity of bile
• Flapping hepatocytes entering the blood
• Minimization of toxic load phagocytes, lymphocytes
• The output of decaying cells from the body through the pores of the dermis

Pigmentation for liver diseases is reversible. The spots disappear through 1-3 weeks After eliminating the underlying disease.

It is worth knowing: If there is a liver disease, the spots are not treated - they eliminate the root cause.

Therefore, at the first signs of the appearance of changes in the color of the skin, contact the therapist or dermatologist.

Why should the treatment of skin pigmentation be starting?

Treatment of skin pigmentation should begin with detailed diagnosis. It is impossible to determine the root cause of the disease by color, form. Only a doctor can make a diagnosis after a detailed examination.

It is worth remembering: The danger of spots on the upper layer of the dermis is a constant color mutation, shape, a rapid transition to soft tissue cancer.

Regardless of the cause, it is necessary to restore the balance of nutrients, which is determined only using a biochemical blood test. Before eliminating the spot, it is necessary to conduct a biopsy of the upper layer of the dermis for the presence of bacteria, fungi. Any restoration of pigmentation disorders should begin with moisturizing and normalizing the acid-base balance of the skin.

Syndrome of uneven pigmentation of the skin - how to get rid: ointments, creams, other products

The syndrome of uneven pigmentation of the skin is found only in women. The reason is excessive melanin synthesis. The main difference is the absence of a certain localization zone. How to get rid of?

Treatment consists in slowing down the synthesis of melanin without damaging melanocytes. It is better to start procedures in the fall to minimize the effects of ultraviolet radiation. The most common brightening cosmetological ointments, creams and other means:

• Ahromin - Hydroquinone -based whitening cream also increases skin elasticity.
• Vishi Ideal - A bleaching cream based on the Kombucha tea fungus, moisturizes the skin, expands pores.
• RETIN -Cream with trans-recitinoic acid-strengthens the walls of cell membranes.
• Christina - Lightening cream with bed, glycolic and lactic acids, moisturizes the skin, normalizes acidity.

Animals, plant or synthetic fats that make up ointments make it possible to increase the concentration of the active substance. They are prescribed by a doctor or cosmetologist with a neglected form of pathology. If uneven pigmentation is a consequence of another skin disease, it is not recommended to use ointments without the appointment of a specialist. In this case, allergies, comedones due to blockage of pores are possible.

Important: Hydroquinone -based products do not use longer 4 months nonstop. Allergic manifestations are possible.

The effectiveness of masks is achieved due to the action of active substances in combination with the restriction of oxygen access to the dermis. In an environment with a low content of molecular oxygen, the activity of melanocytes without damage is reduced. It is worth knowing:

• When using masks, it is necessary to strictly observe the terms and the number of application specified in the instructions from the manufacturer.
• The overexposure of the product on the skin is fraught with vitiligo, blockage of pores, with light burns.
• Rinse also only indicated funds.

Attention: Do not use yeast and honey masks without the approval of a doctor! Skin, comedones, fungal lesions are possible.

Different increased skin pigmentation - spots treatment, removal of freckles: hardware, instrumental methods

There are different types of increased skin pigmentation - spots, freckles, etc. To remove freckles and treat spots of different benign etiologies, the fastest way is laser therapy. With the help of such a hardware and instrumental method, hyperactive melanocytes are burned out by the point effect of the laser beam. It is worth knowing:

• Held 2-4 sessions.
• The break between procedures depends on the individual skin characteristics - 7-45 days.
• To remove extensive spots, a combination of laser and radio waves is used.

With vitiligo, phototherapy is used. The essence of the method:

• Impact on a white spot with an ultraviolet with a wavelength 285-350 mm.
• Before the procedure, a photosensitizing agent is applied to the processed surface.
• The number and duration of the sessions are individual.
• An overdose of ultraviolet radiation can lead to photography of the skin, hyperpigmentation.

Only the doctor should be prescribed any procedure.

Skin pigmentation diseases are light, white spots: how to get rid of, what helps?

The disease of skin pigmentation with light, white spots is called vitiligo. How to get rid of what helps? Treatment of vitiligo depends on the provoking factor. Unlike hyperpigmentation, an integrated approach is required. Methods of treatment:

• Helium neon laser -by the method of exposure, similar to UV waves, are used for single or focal spots up to 1 cm².
• PUVA-therapy - exposure to an ultraviolet light with preliminary application on the processed section of a photosensitizing agent.
• External or general glucocorticosteroid therapy - for external use (hydrocortisone), the general is the course of prednisone.
• Vitamin therapy of group B vitamins - local injections or diffuse effects using electrophoresis.
• Dietotherapy with iodine -containing products.

In autoimmune diseases, the spots disappear after the course of immunocorrection. Genetic vitiligo is not treated.

Dark skin pigmentation is an uneven, brown color: how to get rid of?

Brown dark (uneven) skin pigmentation, as a rule, is not associated with concomitant diseases. AT 80% cases acquired. In this case, the brown skin color in the form of spots is an excess of ultraviolet radiation. How to get rid of? The following treatment methods are distinguished:

• Bleaching creams, ointments, masks - recently arose, after completing the treatment of a concomitant disease or its absence.
• Laser therapy - point, single or focal formations, regardless of the depth of the lesion.
• Chemical peeling-applying a pasty mass to the skin, which includes 2-carbon acids (apple, acetic, pyrovaric). It is worth noting the high efficiency of this method in extensive formations.
• Mesotherapy - subcutaneous injections of bleaching agents of mesococctates, the result is achieved after 2-5 sessionsThe effect lasts more than 1.5 years.
• Micodermabrase - the skin is polished by solid microparticles of a special abrasive, the effect is achieved for 1-2 sessions.

The most effective methods are laser grinding and microdermabrase. The safest is whitening creams.

Skin pigmentation after the sun, peeling: how to get rid of, how to treat the skin?

Treatment of skin pigmentation disorder after sunburn, followed by exfoliation, consists of 3 stages:

1. Removal of post -level inflammation, elimination of possible allergic manifestations
2. Strengthening epidermal cells
3. Removing the residual pigment spot

Read on our website an article on what to do if the skin of the back is itch after tanning. You will also find out which means are best used, how to remove the spots that appear.

It is better to remove inflammation with special means, for example, Panthenol. The gel relieves inflammation, accelerates the regeneration of damaged tissues. Ointment is no less effective "Rescuer", plus antiseptic treatment.

Peeling is a consequence of the cracking of micropushions. If you treat the skin with a tan stabilizer, the appearance of blisters can be avoided. The sooner you begin to eliminate the consequences of burns, the less likely exfoliation.

Important: During exfoliation, do not tear the skin! The dead epidermis will depart independently. If the consequences must be eliminated as soon as possible, consult with a cosmetologist for a microdermabrase.

It is useful to lubricate the skin with drugs with derivatives vitamin A. They light the pigmented area.

Skin pigmentation in a child: how to get rid, is it necessary to do something?

The main reason for the acquired skin pigmentation in a child is the development of the endocrine system. In children, birthmarks (nevi) are more often brown or reddish. The average spot size can reach the size 1.5 cm. How to get rid, is it necessary to do something?

• If the spots do not increase, do not become embossed, treatment is not required.
• Otherwise, immediately contact a dermatologist.

It is worth knowing: The risk of rebirth of birthmarks into melanomas, moles in papillomas in childhood is several times higher than after puberty.

Freckles are brownish focal point spots. The main difference from the spots of other species is the change of location, the shape and area of \u200b\u200bthe focus. Removing freckles until the end of puberty is not recommended. Otherwise, there may be an increase in pigmentation, the lifelong loss of elasticity of the area of \u200b\u200bcosmetic intervention.

Often in childhood, Vitiligo also appears. If such a disease arose due to failures in the endocrine system or central nervous system, it is better to wait for the normalization of the hormonal background.

Yellow, saturatedly red and grayish spots require the treatment of diseases of the hepatobiliary system, as well as the gastrointestinal tract.

Age -related skin pigmentation: how to get rid?

The main treatment of lentigo (age -related skin pigmentation) is to eliminate its root cause:

• This is a rejection of hormonal drugs during menopause.
• Entering the diet more products containing iodine - seafood, black currant, persimmon.
• It is important to minimize the use of legumes, nuts and other products containing vitamins B.

It is useful to apply natural whitening creams with special acids to the skin-trans-retino, bed.

Changing the pigmentation of the skin during pregnancy in the form of spots - the effect of hormones: how to get rid?

Increasing the level of progesterone and estradiol on 2-3 trimester of pregnancy leads to the acceleration of metabolism. The body gives most nutrients to the fetus. A local lack of beneficial substances is formed. Melasm is a protective reaction of a local nature, the influence of hormones, as well as a pasteful phenomenon due to the rupture of capillaries due to a lack of calcium. Therefore, there is a change in the pigmentation of the skin during pregnancy in the form of spots. How to get rid of?

As a treatment:

• Nutritional and sunscreen are used.
• In the diet, cottage cheese, vegetables, fruits, sea fish are required.
• Piling and acids with acids are contraindicated, since for some time the situation may improve. After, extensive hematomas, chemical burns.
• Do not also resort to masks based on fermented milk products, as dry skin, microcracks develop.

Special treatment will be needed, if the spots are rapidly expanding, there are pain, the color is purple or dirty brown. These formations require immediate treatment. It can be an infection or allergy. Besides:

• During pregnancy, these signs can also indicate liver diseases, inflammation with internal suppuration, and inflammation of the kidneys.
• Brown spots - putrefactive processes, purple and red - inflammation of a non -infectious nature.
• Any inflammatory process provokes a lack of calcium, potassium in the walls of blood vessels.

For pregnant women, the development of melasma is catastrophic. To get rid of such a pathology, you will have to restore the balance of nutrients for about a year after the birth of a child.

Skin pigmentation model: what kind of skin pigment, photo

Restriction of ultraviolet capacity, intensive skin care in radical cosmetological methods (chemical peeling, laser grinding of the skin, microdermabrase) - the causes of a professional disease of models - vitiligo. It is worth knowing:

• Professional cosmetics increases the acidity and sensitivity of the skin.
• Due to the lack of ultraviolet radiation, constant low-calorie diets, the compensatory mechanism of melanocytes is disturbed.
• White spots of models with pigmented skin, as a rule, a mirror, previously present freckles and nevi.
• Over time, white areas expand.

Of course, girls are trying to treat such pathologies so that they do not have to leave the profession. But there is a model with skin pigmentation, breaking beauty stereotypes. She received worldwide recognition. This is a Canadian Chantsel Brownknown as pseudonym Winnie Harlow. What kind of skin pigment is?

• AT 4 years She was diagnosed "Congenital Vitiligo".
• The child’s childhood is a series of ridicule, bullying.
• Country of peers hardened the nature of the top model: “Now the children were afraid of me. True, I soon realized that this is not my path. ”

The first achievements of the model:

• The beginning of 2015 is the presentation of the Ashish brand at the London collection.
• December 2015 - participation in the shooting for Diesel.
• Participation in the Victoria’s Secret show.
• 2016-2020-shooting in the clips: Lemonade, Guts Over Fear, Promises, commercial for Sprite.

Also, shooting in photo shoots for Elle, Bazaar, Glamor, Vogue, Cosmopolitan. Over the past year, the model has earned more 3 million dollars.

Out of skin pigmentation: reviews

Most reviews relate to the fight against dark spots. Women do not like the change in skin color. Many of them got rid of their own way. Read reviews about skin pigmentation:

Ksenia, 25 years old

There is always little vacation. You will not have time to look around - again in the disgusting office. So I try to take the maximum from the sun. I used to burn out in inexperience. Now I wiser - I use creams for tanning. But late. Melasms do not give rest. A friend shared the negative experience of peeling. She now has a quarter of her whitish face. I do not want to look too in 5 years. Therefore, I use the products with vitamin A, plus the cosmetologist advised honey masks once a day - keep 15 minutes. For 2 years, spots are almost not visible.

Larisa, 43 years old

I have been working in a private clinic for 22 years. Recently, cosmetologists have taken products with hydrokhinon as a panacea. Still, after a few weeks, spots completely pass. But as a result, a 45-year-old well-groomed woman looks at all 50. The fact that funds with hydrokhinon irrevocably destroy collagen and elastin (proteins responsible for the youth of the skin) for 6-12 months of active use are silent correctly. Therefore, be careful and only turn to proven cosmetologists.

Irina, 36 years old

I believe that there is no universal remedy for pigmentation, the skin needs to be constantly fed. My cosmetologist advised me a retinol cream. In addition, there are several simple rules. If the product includes honey or lemon, it should include butter or milk. Funds with cucumber are contraindicated for porous skin - the cucumber expands the pores, then frequent inflammatory processes occur. Chamomile is forbidden to use in frequent microcracks. It relieves inflammation, but also softens the skin, with vitamin deficiency, spots form in the place of healing cracks.

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